Orders focus on providing intent, control measures, and objectives and allow for greater freedom of action by subordinate commanders.
[1] Mission command is closely related to civilian management concept of workplace empowerment, and its use in business has been explored by writers such as Bungay (2011) and Tozer (1995, 2012).
[9] The break up of the Former Yugoslavia in the 1990s drew in contingents from several modern militaries to United Nations or two stabilization forces (IFOR and SFOR).
Coming from a nation that had not experienced war for almost 200 years, the Swedish leaders faced an unresponsive UN bureaucracy, an unclear mandate, and conflicting UN-imposed rules of engagement.
Not unexpectedly, the Swedes turned to their culture of mission command which had grown and developed over decades preparing for expected invasions.