The organization's stated mission is "To advance the constitutional ideals of liberty and justice for all Mississippians by employing an evidenced-based approach to public policy whereby we advocate for and advance real conservative ideas with policy makers, members of the media, business leaders, the academic community, and private citizens.

"[2] MCPP generally advocates for lower taxes, fewer government regulations, religious liberty, educational freedom, and free-market healthcare reforms.

[12] The Mississippi Justice Institute has filed multiple economic liberty lawsuits challenging various occupational licensing laws.

[13] In 2020, MJI sued the Mississippi Department of Health on behalf of Donna Harris who was providing weight loss advice for clients.

[15] In the spring of 2020, the Mississippi Justice Institute filed two lawsuits against two mayors concerning COVID-19 pandemic related restrictions.