The main population center, former Mitsuke-cho, is located on the northern bank of the river and was formerly subject to frequent flooding.

Niigata Prefecture Mitsuke has a Humid climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall.

[2] Per Japanese census data,[3] the population of Mitsuke has remained relatively steady over the past 60 years.

After the start of the Meiji period, the area was organised as part of Minamikanbara District, Niigata.

Mitsuke has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 17 members.

In terms of national politics, the city is part of Niigata 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.