Mittagong (/mɪtəɡɒŋ/) is a town located in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire.

Moreover, Mittagong is home to many wineries of the Southern Highlands which has been a recent growing wine and cellar door region.

[2] Other suggested meanings are "a companion" and "plenty of native dogs", as the Mittagong range was home to many dingos at one time.

[3] The first European permanent settler in the Mittagong district was William Chalker (1775–1823) (also known as Charker), a former convict transported from England, who arrived in the area on 10 May 1821.

This reserve was made in 1862 and called the "Village of Fitzroy" (now Welby), and in May 1865 a subdivision consisting of 245 blocks was offered for sale in the township of "New Sheffield"[5] an area which substantially coincided with the central portion of the present Mittagong, being subdivided by the Fitzroy Iron Mining Company.

The area between the present-day Lyell and Pioneer Streets was called Nattai and was the postal township for many years before the name Mittagong was generally applied with the advent of the railway in 1867.

The Mittagong Coal Mining Company (Box Vale Colliery),[8] Joadja Kerosene Shale, and the first supply of fresh milk and butter to Sydney by the Fresh Food & Ice Company all operated out of Mittagong in years gone by.

In 1848 land was taken up and smelting commenced at the Fitzroy Iron Works in a small blast furnace that had been erected.

The highway bypass was first evaluated as having a slightly negative impact on Mittagong's economy for about a year after its opening, due to the loss of traffic-serving business.

Expectations were re-evaluated as mildly positive in 1994 taking into account hard-to-quantify benefits such as the increased appeal of the town as a place to live.

[17] Mittagong is also home to a prestigious girls secondary private boarding school, Frensham, which was opened by Winifred Mary West in 1913.

The school is notable for its alumni which include Dr Catherine Hamlin and former Lord Mayor of Sydney, Lucy Turnbull.

An apology was issued by the NSW Government in 2013 for the cruel practices suffered by many of the children who spent time in this institution.

The institutions alumni are now in the process of having one of the homes donated by the government as a museum and dedicated building to remind of the injustices perpetrated against children.

[21] There is a display of some of the original remains of this historical site in the carpark, interpretive signs recording the history.

The Southern Highlands Shale Forest and Woodland vegetation community lies within the town.

Today, the town offers visitors the chance to explore its history, scenery, small waterfalls, bushwalks and its famed "Waratah" flowering in November.

[30] The wineries have established themselves in the region since the 1980s due to the soil and climate of Mittagong which is believed to be perfect for viticulture.

]to negatively affect business in towns bypassed like Mittagong, but instead the location has become a rest stop for drivers and a daytripper destination from Sydney, only around one hour away.