With MALL, students are able to access language learning materials and to communicate with their teachers and peers at any time, anywhere.
MALL offers ubiquitous access to learning anytime, anywhere the user has reception.
[8] Kloper et al. (2002) claimed 5 properties of mobile devices which can produce unique educational affordances: The most notable constraints for earlier MALL include poor sound and display quality coupled with very limited devices and download speeds.
Newer integrated PDA devices have narrowed the gap with higher access speeds, larger screens, having functions and capacities similar to laptop computers (Nah, et al. 2008).
Since the PDA devices are now mostly displaced by smartphones, in particular those based on iOS and Android, it is safe to say the constraints mentioned earlier are now non-existent.