Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction is an anthology of science fiction short stories, edited by Sam Moskowitz.

It was split into three separate paperback anthologies published by MacFadden-Bartell; Doorway Into Time (1966), The Vortex Blasters (1968) and Microcosmic God (1968); the paperback editions omitted Moskowitz's introduction and the story by Robert Bloch.

[1] The book collects twenty-one tales by various authors, together with a historical and critical introduction by the editor.

NESFA Press characterizes it as "an excellent historical introduction to the field, including some of the best stories of the 1940s and 1950s.

Algis Budrys in Galaxy Science Fiction said that if one could not obtain Adventures in Space and Time, "one could do a lot worse in representing the field than to pass out a copy of Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction".