Mohamed Charfi (11 October 1936 – 6 June 2008) was a Tunisian academic and politician who served as Minister of Education of Tunisia from 1989 to 1994.

He was an active member of the Tunisia General Student Union (Union générale des étudiants tunisiens) in Paris in the 1960s and cofounded the leftist group Perspectives.

Charfi co-founded the Tunisian Human Rights League in 1976.

He served as Minister of Education under the presidency of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.

One of his first acts as minister was to set up Zaitouna University in 1989 as a religious coeducational institution, and he personally oversaw the university curricular design, which he intended to incorporate "universal values of Islam" and religious tolerance.