Mohamed Noor is the Executive Vice Provost[3] and a Professor in the Biology Department at Duke University (formerly holding the rotating titles of Earl D. McLean Professor,[4] department chair, dean of natural sciences,[5] Interim Dean of Arts & Sciences,[6] and Interim Vice Provost for Academic Affairs[7]).

His team's research approaches have included both classical genetic mapping, as well as analyses of whole genome sequences.

[8] Likewise, Noor was one of the first scientists to demonstrate by experiment speciation by reinforcement, that is, as a result of natural selection mating preferences diverge against deleterious hybridization and reduce gene flow between species.

He is also known for developing (along with others) a model wherein regions of restricted recombination, as by chromosomal inversions, facilitate the persistence of hybridizing species.

He and his group have also developed laboratory activities for implementation in high schools and colleges, including a commercial kit for observing natural selection in Drosophila.