He got active in RSS in 1993-95, when he showed his organizational abilities as Ujjain Sah Khand Karyavah and was made state president of Bhartiya Janta Yuva Morcha.

He won by beating Congress candidate Jaysingh Darbar in the Ujjain South constituency of the 2013 Madhya Pradesh Assembly Election by 9,652 votes.

[2] On 11 December 2023, BJP announced that Mohan Yadav will serve as the 19th Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh along with Rajendra Shukla and Jagdish Devda as deputy.

[5][4] After taking charge Chief Minister Mohan Yadav banned the use of loudspeakers beyond permissible limits and time at all religious and public places as per the guidelines of the Supreme court.

[7] Controversy unfolded as a person dressed as Hanuman, a revered deity in Hinduism, welcomed the newly appointed Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister, Mohan Yadav, at an event in Ujjain.

[8] The Congress party condemned the incident, with its spokesperson questioning the necessity of hanging a depiction of Bajrang Bali on a crane to welcome the Chief Minister.

[8] Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav stirred controversy with his claim that India played a pivotal role in establishing global time standards around 300 years ago.