Molong is a small town in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia, in Cabonne Shire.

In 1826, a military and police outpost was established at Molong, on Governor Darling's orders, as a step in opening up the government stock reserve west of the Macquarie River for settlement.

For its first twenty years the settlement was at a site approximately 1.5 km (0.93 mi) east of the current location.

[4] The Historical Museum is housed in a former hotel (1856), built by rubble-mason James Mortal, who sold it in 1861 to John Smith of Gamboola.

[10] Despite Molong's elevation, it still manages to have a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) due to its northern latitude, having warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters with the odd snowfall.