[19] The etymology of Talaing is debated; it may be derived from Mon, or is a reference to Telinga or Kalinga, a geographic region in southeast India.

[31][32] Modern linguistic research by Sidwell (2021) suggests that the locus of Proto-Austroasiatic people was in the Red River Delta area of Northern Vietnam, around 4,000-4,500 years before present.

[43]: 63, 76–77 The Mon were the first to receive Theravada Buddhist missionaries from Sri Lanka, in contrast to their Hindu contemporaries such as Cham peoples.

[48][49]: 29 [50] Another historical figure, Phaya Kakabatr, is believed to have also come from Takkasila and established the Chula Sakarat era in 638 CE,[51]: 22  which was used by the Siamese and Burmese until the 19th century.

[52][53][54][55] A few years later, her son Prince Anantayot founded Khelang Nakhon (modern Lampang), playing a significant role in the history of the Hariphunchai Kingdom.

[56]: 28 After the year 1000 CE, the Dvaravati Mon people faced constant pressure from Tai migrations from the north and Khmer invasions from the east.

He is said to have fought wars with Suryavarman II of Angkor between 1113 and 1150 CE[43]: 161, 195  and constructed the Hariphunchai stupa In 1289, Mangrai also known as Mengrai[c] was visited by merchants from the Mon kingdom of Haripunchai.

[60] As it was thought impossible to take the city by force, Mangrai sent a merchant named Ai Fa as a mole to gain the confidence of its Phaya Yi Ba.

[43]: 208–209  A few years later, Phaya Yi Ba's son, King Boek of Lampang, attacked Chiang Mai with a large army.

King Boek fled by way of the Doi Khun Tan mountain range between Lamphun and Lampang, but he was caught and executed.

[60] King Mangrai's troops occupied the city of Lampang, and Phaya Yi Ba was made to flee further south, this time to Phitsanulok.

Wareru, who was born to a Mon mother and a Tai father in Donwun Village in the Thaton District,[67] went to Sukhothai for trade and later eloped with the daughter of the king.

Meanwhile, back in Burma, the fall of Martaban in 1541 was accompanied by massacre and pillage on a large scale, as was the capture of the old Pyu capital of Prome the following year.

King Tabinshwehti, founder of the new Toungoo dynasty, celebrated by decorating the Shwedagon and other pagodas with huge amounts of plundered gold.

The Smim Htaw managed to capture the ancient settlement of Dagon and drive the Burmese from Pegu, but a series of intra-Mon disputes allowed Tabinshwehti's general, Bayinnaung, to recapture the city.

The Mon rebels joined forces with the Gwe Shan to restore their former Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and in 1740, a monk with Taungoo royal lineage was made king of Pegu.

[76][77][78][79] During the Konbaung dynasty of Burma, the Mon people experienced harsh rule and massacres that led to a significant migration to Siam and Lanna.

In addition to facing widespread violence and persecution, the Mon rebelled multiple times, including at Dagon during the reign of Hsinbyushin, resulting in the destruction of the city.

[83] Rama I's queen consort Amarindra was born to a wealthy Mon family who migrated to Siam in the earlier times.

The holiday is observed on the full moon of the 11th month of the Mon lunar calendar, except in Phrapadaeng, Thailand where it coincides with the Songkran festival.

[13][87] A recent study shows that there is a close genetic relationship between central Thai and Mon people in Thailand, who migrated from southern Myanmar.

[89][90] Burmese has derived and borrowed vocabulary from the Mon language, especially related to administration, architecture, cloth, cuisine and flowers.

The dances are followed by background music using a circular set of tuned drums and claps, crocodile xylophone, gongs, flute, flat guitar, harp, violin, etc.

Their ancestors settled in Koh Kret and Nakhon Sawan, using their pottery making skills to earn a living in both places.

The area is known for its high-quality clay and the Mon pottery, including containers and decorative items, is a symbol of their heritage and expertise.

The pottery is made of porous earthenware in light orange to red color and features unique designs inspired by nature.

In fact, inscriptions have been discovered in northern Thailand that mention the use of umbrellas and palm-leaf manuscripts in Mon religious ceremonies during the Hariphunchai Kingdom, which lasted from the 7th to the 13th century.

It involves the launch of homemade rockets, food offerings to spirits, and cultural activities such as music, dance, and games.

The festival is an important part of Mon culture and helps to connect with the community, preserve traditions, and bring good luck for the coming year.

[120] These festivals and traditions are a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the Mon people and serve as an important way to pass down their history and customs to future generations.