[1][2] The Committee grew out of a visit by Huang Shaoxiong as an envoy to a Mongolian autonomy conference held at Bat-khaalag (Bailingmiao/Pailingmiao) in the aftermath of the Japanese annexation of Rehe Province.
Fearful that the Mongols would side with the Japanese and cause China to lose further territory, Huang promised them that they could establish such an autonomous political committee and open up a direct line of communication with Nanjing.
[3] Chiang Kai-shek, knowing his government's limited power in Inner Mongolia left his options severely constrained, wrote in his private diary that he would have to grant the Mongols "whatever they desire short of complete political independence".
[7] Their clashes with other regional authorities began immediately; both the Committee and the government of Suiyuan Province under Fu Zuoyi attempted to levy tariffs on goods imported from Gansu.
[4] The Japanese military watched the conflict closely, and even had its air force make several illegal overflights of Suiyuan in late September.