It explains Mongolian military history dating back to the Mongol Empire.

After over 20 years of research, the museum's groundbreaking ceremony took place on 24 October 1987 in the presence of General Secretary Jambyn Batmönkh, Defence Minister Jamsrangijn Jondon and other party officials.

[3][4][5] Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov's summer home in Mongolia during the Battles of Khalkhin Gol was an historical building in the capital and independent of the Ministry of Defense prior to 1990 when it was transferred to the Mongolian Military Museum that year.

Two halls contain more than 3,000 exhibits specifically related to the structure of the armed forces and interventions made by Mongolia military personnel, including a display from the Mongolian Expeditionary Task Force in Operation Enduring Freedom, its display featuring rocket shrapnel that landed on a Mongolian compound at Al Diwaniyah.

The museum also has two rare Russian Mosin–Nagant bolt-action, internal magazine–fed, military sniper rifles in its inventory.