Monroe Alpheus Majors (October 12, 1864 – December 10, 1960)[1] was an American physician, writer and civil rights activist in Texas and Los Angeles.

He wrote a noted book of biographies of African-American women, Noted Negro Women: Their Triumphs and Activities, published in 1893, and wrote for numerous African-American newspapers, notably the Indianapolis Freeman, of which he was an associate editor in 1898 and 1899, and the Chicago Conservator, which he edited from 1908 to 1910.

[2] Majors then moved back to Texas to practice medicine, working in Brenham, Dallas, and Calvert.

He edited the Los Angeles Western News, where he advocated for African-American appointment to civic positions.

He also edited a paper, the Texas Searchlight, raised money for the building of a hospital, and opened the first black-owned drugstore in the American Southwest.

He wrote the book mainly to show the accomplishments of black women, but also to express the "progress" of African Americans since the end of slavery in the 1860s.

In Illinois, his life was threatened due to his writings against lynching, particularly that which occurred in Decatur shortly before he arrived, and he fled to Indianapolis where he became an associate editor of the Freeman.