The municipality comprises the settlements of Montblanc (2013 population 7,027), La Guàrdia dels Prats (200), Lilla (88), Prenafeta (61), Rojals (26), and El Pinetell (7).

Evidence of cave dwellings have been found dating back to Palaeolithic times.

The Islamic invasion initiated a long period of very successful agricultural and commercial development.

The 10th and 11th centuries seem to have been a period of relatively peaceful coexistence in which Muslims, Christians and Jews lived in the region of Montblanc.

Maties Palau Ferré (1921-2000), painter and sculptor, disciple of Pablo Picasso, was born and died in Montblanc.