1916 1917 1918 White War (1915–1918) Monte San Michele (Slovene: Debela griža) is a hill on the Karst Plateau, in the Italian province of Gorizia, on the border between the municipalities of Sagrado (Zagraj) and Savogna d'Isonzo (Sovodnje ob Soči).

[2][3][4] Due to its commanding position over the lower Isonzo valley and the plain of Gorizia, it was the theatre of heavy fighting during the First World War; along with Sabotin and Podgora, the San Michele was one of the main bulwarks of the Austro-Hungarian defense of Gorizia during the early battles of the Isonzo, heavily fortified with multiple trenches, barbed wire, heavy artillery, tunnels and machine-gun posts.

[7][8][9] The San Michele was finally secured by the Italian XI Corps (General Giorgio Cigliana) in August 1916, during the sixth battle of Isonzo.

[10][11][12] Poet Giuseppe Ungaretti fought on the San Michele, which he mentioned in some of the poems collected in Allegria di naufragi.

[13] In 1922 the San Michele was declared a "monumental area", and turned into an open-air museum.