They are bounded by the Sacramento River on the south and east, the Montezuma Slough on the west, and roughly by California State Route 12 on the north.

Rio Vista is the nearest city, and Travis Air Force Base is about 10 miles northwest of the Montezuma Hills.

[needs update] The flora and fauna of the Montezuma Hills has been studied extensively beginning in 1988 with the Earth Metrics Environmental Impact Report for proposed wind energy development.

[2][3] and continuing with subsequent analyses[4][5][6] that collectively have led to a comprehensive characterization of the local biological resources, plant communities and wildlife habitat.

Wetlands cover only a small percentage of the Montezuma Hills, and virtually all of the sparse trees are non-native species associated with the area's farming homesteads.