[1] He studied medicine at the Universities of Heidelberg, Marburg and Berlin, earning his medical doctorate in 1868.
From 1872 to 1876 he worked at the Allerheiligen Hospital in Breslau, and in the meantime, served as an assistant to Julius Friedrich Cohnheim (1839–1884).
Litten is remembered for being the first physician to describe vitreous bleeding in correlation with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
In 1881 he published his findings in Ueber einige vom allgemein-klinischen Standpunkt aus interessante Augenveränderungen (Berl Klin Wochenschr 18: 23– 27).
In 1880, Litten documented one of the earliest known cases of a paradoxical embolism in a patient undergoing anaesthesia.