Moscow is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Texas, United States.

Moscow is at the junction of U.S. Highway 59 and Farm to Market Road 350, ninety miles north of Houston in central Polk County.

Moscow became a trading center for Polk County farmers during the latter 1850s and a stage stop on the Liberty-Nacogdoches Road, with cotton gins, shops, saloons and a hotel.

Built in 1853 as the Moscow Masonic Male and Female Academy, the institution served the community under its latter name from 1857.

During the Great Depression, many farmers went bankrupt and lumber companies left the area due to the economic conditions.