[1] Moscow was named after the Mascouten (sometimes spelled Muscoutin) Indians who summered here.

In 1847 Chauncey Smith built a grist mill on the Blue Mounds Branch of the Pecatonica River that runs through the community.

In 1887 the village was by-passed by the Illinois Central Railroad and declined slowly as people and businesses moved to Blanchardville or Hollandale.

Annual Syttende Mai celebrations featured such well known guests as Rasmus B. Anderson and Ole Bull, the most famous Norwegian of his day.

[3] Alvin Blanchard brought grain to the mill in Moscow before he founded Blanchardville.