[1] Among patients are political, business, cultural and scientific elite of Russia (and Soviet Union before 1991, like presidents Yuri Andropov or Konstantin Chernenko) and representatives of the diplomatic corps.

While the hospital is open to the public and anyone may theoretically be admitted and treated there, its fees and charges are well beyond the means of most Russians and so it retains its elitist image.

It housed the main branch of specialized therapeutic and surgical, as well as large medical-diagnostic department (X-ray, physiotherapy, functional diagnostics).

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the hospital carried out specialized therapeutic care for basic medical specialties: cardiology, gastroenterology, pulmonology, nephrology, endocrinology, allergology, hematology, neurology.

"[2][3][4] On 1 September 2022, Ravil Maganov, the chairman of the board of Lukoil and a critic of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, allegedly died due to injuries he suffered after falling from the 6th floor of the hospital following a visit to the hospital that day by Russian President Vladimir Putin.