The Moselotte flows through, from upstream to downstream, the communes of La Bresse, Cornimont, Saulxures, Thiéfosse, Vagney, Saint-Amé, Le Syndicat, Dommartin-lès-Remiremont and Saint-Étienne-lès-Remiremont opposite the town of Remiremont.

At the entry downstream of Saulxures, a lake of 9.6 hectares (24 acres) was set up in 1998 under the name lac de la Moselotte which hosts a leisure center.

The Moselotte exhibits quite marked seasonal fluctuations, with a winter-spring period of high water whose monthly average flow rate is between 10.8 and 13.2 cubic metres per second (380 and 470 cu ft/s) from November to April inclusive, with a maximum in December.

The runoff curve number in this 53 percent of its watershed is 1,445 millimetres (56.9 in) annually, which is extremely high for the northern part of France, and more than four times higher than the French national average.

In fact, the runoff curve number at Hauconcourt, located slightly downstream of the town of Metz, near where it leaves French territory, rises to 445 millimetres (17.5 in).

Highly populated by trout, the river has given rise to a significant breakthrough in fish farming, namely the invention of artificial reproduction by Joseph Remy and Antoine Géhin in the 19th century.

The Moselotte basin also has the highest density in the world in small hydroelectric barrages, which serve the watermills, sawmills, spinning and weaving houses along the river and its tributaries.

Today it has been transformed into a voie verte (green route) and replaced with bus service provided by TER Grand Est (line L09), extended to La Bresse.