Moses ben Elijah Capsali (Hebrew: משה בן אליהו קפשאלי) (1495–1420) was Hakham Bashi (Chief Rabbi) of the Ottoman Empire.
The sultan thought so much of the rabbi that he assigned to him a seat in the divan beside the grand mufti, the religious head of the Muslims, and above the patriarch of the Christians.
Capsali held various offices, which included the supervision of the taxes of the Jews, and the appointment of rabbis, and he even acted as a civil judge.
It is certain that Capsali dealt very severely with Jewish youths who, intimate with the janissaries, imitated them in leading un-Jewish and immoral lives.
Some of these youths, enraged by the corporal punishment he had inflicted on them, attempted to kill him during a street riot in 1481, and he escaped only by flight.