The trove was part of Iran's clandestine nuclear archive, and documented years of work on atomic weapons, warhead designs and production plans.

[1] The 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) deal signed by the Obama administration gave the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) rights to visit declared facilities associated with Iran's nuclear program.

Mossad then sent a female Farsi speaking undercover Israeli agent to Tehran for a reconnaissance mission, where she would leisurely wander around the Shorabad district accompanied by a male guardian while wearing appropriate Islamic clothing and taking note of the security arrangements at the target warehouse.

[1] The main reason Mossad decided to physically steal the documents, rather than simply photograph them and have the infiltration remain undetected, was to preempt any subsequent claims by the Iranian authorities that the evidence was forged and also to offer it up for verification by third parties.

[6] Fewer than 24 Mossad agents arrived to a warehouse of the AMAD Project in Tehran overnight on 31 January, equipped with torches that could burn through dozens of safes that held documents and plans of Iran's clandestine nuclear program.

[5]Within six-and-half hours, the agents had seized approximately 50,000 paper documents and another 55,000 pages of information and plans stored on 183 CD-ROM's, before security officials arrived to the warehouse at 7am.

To negate the risk that the lorry carrying the near half a tonne of documents might be intercepted before crossing the border out of Iran, much of the captured intelligence was transferred digitally to Tel Aviv before the lorry reached the frontier, Cohen added[1] In 2024, former Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad revealed that Iran's intelligence service had established a unit designed to counter Mossad operations, but its leader was exposed as a Mossad agent in 2021.

[11] Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu publicly announced the operation in a televised presentation in English in Tel Aviv on 30 April, after privately briefing U.S. President Donald Trump.