Moulsford railway station was on the original route of the Great Western Railway, being one of three intermediate stations provided when the line was extended from Reading to Steventon in 1840.

It had opened as far as Reading on 30 March 1840;[1] on 1 June 1840 it was opened to Steventon, with three intermediate stations, the northernmost of which was Wallingford Road;[2] it was possibly named Moulsford originally, being renamed by December 1840.

Being on the western side of the River Thames it was then in Berkshire; the boundaries were redrawn in 1974 placing the station site two miles inside present-day Oxfordshire.

[3][4][5] Whilst the junction for the branch was at Moulsford station, the branch line track ran parallel to the main line for three-quarters of a mile before curving away.

[6] The Wallingford & Watlington Railway never reached the second-named town, and it was absorbed by the GWR in 1872.