[2][3][4] The ecoregion includes the distinct montane forests on the higher elevations of two volcanic peaks, Mount Cameroon, which lies in Cameroon near the coast, and Bioko, a volcanic island to the southwest in Equatorial Guinea.

The montane forests of Mount Cameroon and Bioko are home to the distinct Afromontane flora of Africa's high mountains.

Endemic birds include the mountain saw-wing (Psalidoprocne fuliginosa), Mount Cameroon francolin (Pternistis camerunensis), Mount Cameroon speirops (Zosterops melanocephalus), and Bioko speirops (Zosterops brunneus).

[6] There is less variety of mammals, and most larger mammals have disappeared, but there are some endemics such as the Cameroon soft-furred mouse (Praomys morio), and a greater variety of reptiles and amphibians including the endemic toad Werneria preussi.

The forest of Mount Cameroon is threatened, especially at lower elevations, by conversion to agriculture and logging.