[1] At the start of World War II in 1942 after suffering heavy losses against the Imperial Japanese Army all over Luzon, the Filipino and American soldiers retreated to Bataan Peninsula to regroup for a last valiant but futile stand.

After four months of fighting, the 78,000 exhausted, sick and starving soldiers under Major General Edward P. King surrendered to the Japanese on April 9, 1942, known as the fall of Bataan.

It is the single largest surrender of U.S. soldiers in history and Mariveles, a town in the Bataan province, was their last stronghold after which, together with the Philippine soldiers, they were led on to the 80-mile (130 km) march to Capas, Tarlac known as the Bataan Death March.

The Mount Samat National Shrine was erected as a memorial to the Filipino and American soldiers who fought against the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II.

[4] Dunsulan falls and river is the main drainage on the crater side of Mount Samat.