[8][12] Small, isolated populations are also found in parts of Jordan,[13] the Gaza Strip,[14] and may be present (though unlikely) in Lebanon, Egypt, and Syria outside of the Golan Heights.

[7] The most recent population estimates and locations by country are: The mountain gazelle is a crepuscular species; they are awake most of the day and sleep most of the night, but generally are always active in the early morning hours and around sunset.

[17] In the wild, mountain gazelle rarely survive past the age of eight, but can live up to 15 years in captivity with adequate care.

[10] Being polygamous,[18] and not spending their lives with only one partner, the mountain gazelle typical breeding season is during the early winter months.

The baby will not typically accompany its mother to graze for several weeks, relying solely on camouflage and lying perfectly still to avoid detection by carnivores.

Adapting to an annual average temperature of 21–23 °C, gazelles prefer to bed on breezy, elevated areas to avoid the heat of the day.

Around dawn and dusk, these antelope will be found cautiously traversing the hills to eat in light forests, fields, or rocky plateaus.

[20] Fecal analyses of mountain gazelles in Turkey have found 12 gastrointestinal helminth (parasitic worm) species and a coccidian protozoan.

In the early and late Natufian, human impacts (such as hunting and living in more permanent settlements) may have driven gazelle numbers down enough so as to provide more food to each animal, thus increasing average body size.

With protection from Israel's 1955 Wildlife Law, the spread of agriculture, and the initial removal of predators, the population grew to approximately 10,000 individuals by the 1980s.

[8] In areas with high human disturbance, gazelles tend to face predation from feral dogs and jackals, causing the population recruitment rate to be low.

[26] Gazelles may also be more susceptible to predation from golden jackals and wild boar in areas where cattle grazing is used to reduce fire risk.

[8] Historically, some others such as the Cuvier's gazelle (G. cuvieri) were included as a subspecies,[31] but recent authorities consistently treat them as separate species.