The southern mountain reedbucks inhabits an area from the eastern Cape Province (South Africa) to southeastern Botswana.

[3][4] The species occupies ridges and hillsides in rocky country and high-elevation grasslands (often with some tree or bush cover), at elevations of 1,500-5,000 m.[1][2] Current total population of all subspecies has been estimated at some 36,000 individuals.

They tend to feed in the early evening and morning hours, normally in small groups of six or fewer animals.

Lifespan in the wild is unknown, but specimens of related species in captivity have been recorded to live up to 18 years.

[2] The mountain reedbuck is subject to some pressure from hunting and human encroachment on its habitat, and current populations appear to be declining.