Mountain rescue
This tends to include mountains with technical rope access issues, snow, avalanches, ice, crevasses, glaciers, alpine environments and high altitudes.
The difficult and remote nature of the terrain in which mountain rescue often occurs has resulted in the development of a number of specific pieces of equipment and techniques.
Paid rescue services are more likely to exist in places with a high demand such as the Alps, national parks with mountain terrain and many ski resorts.
In more remote or less-developed parts of the world organized mountain rescue services are often negligible or non-existent.
Österreichischer Bergrettungsdienst (ÖBRD) performs mountain rescue operations in the Austrian Alps and in Waldviertel.
In 1946 (after World War II) the Austrian Mountain Rescue Service was (re)founded as Österreichischer Bergrettungsdienst.
The first mountain rescue "station", which consisted of professionally trained and semi-professional volunteers was founded in 1952 in Sarajevo and is the oldest continuously-functioning organization of such type in the present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Large areas in all Canadian national parks do not have reliable two-way radio or cellular coverage.
The use of SOS, satellite phone or two-way communicating send devices like Garmin InReach or Spot is recommended.
The police Compagnie républicaine de sécurité also provides mountain search and rescue in the French Alps and Pyrenees alongside the PGHM.
The mandate of the unit is to rescue downed pilots and execute airborne medical evacuation of critical casualties.
Due to its unique capabilities, the unit participates in IDF's and other security bodies special operations.
In addition, the unit's teams are rushed to complex rescue events for which civilian emergency services are unable to provide an adequate response.
Mountain rescue in Italy is provided by CNSAS (Corpo Nazionale Soccorso Alpino e Speleologico, En.
The main missions are search and rescue, avalanche response, first aid, surveillance of mountain areas, prevention of accidents, and public safety.
The unit is divided into five regions (Jaca, Cangas de Onís, Navacerrada, Granada, Vielha e Mijaran).
Swiss Air-Rescue Rega has two very distinctive characteristics: they can reach any place in Switzerland under 15 minutes, due to their ten bases, and they are medicalized.
For areas outside the national parks, there are approximately 20 agencies, mostly sheriff's departments, in the U.S. which provide paid or career members of a mountain SAR team.
