It was designed by John Whitton and built from 1883 to 1884; the property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Extravagant celebrations marked the opening of the line, beginning with the arrival of the decorated mail train on the morning of the 10 September.

[2] The yard layout has not altered greatly since 1883, although the Station Master's Residence, Railway Institute, Signal's and Examiner's Cabins and Garages have been demolished.

Much of the interior of the building was converted into a restaurant in 2005, with alterations to the general waiting room, entrance/lobby and booking office, the installation of kitchen facilities and temporary fencing on the station platform.

[8] A 2023 survey of 4,250 residents along the line in Mudgee and elsewhere conducted by such advocates found 95.5 percent supported the reintroduction of train services.

The Station is surrounded by a gravelled parking area and nature strip to the north, by the goods yard to the east, which includes the dock, crane, weighbridge and office.

A massing of roof structure in the centre of the building provides a focus, being decorated with cast iron finials and crestings.

It marks an important phase in railway construction at the end of the boom period, following the goldrushes to western NSW.

[2] Mudgee railway station was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.

[2] The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.

[2] The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.

[2] This Wikipedia article was originally based on Mudgee Railway Station, yard and locomotive yard, entry number 01204 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under CC-BY 4.0 licence, accessed on 2 June 2018.