[2] Sultan Muhammad attempted to remain at peace with the Emperor Na'od, but his efforts were foiled by the frequent raids of Imam Mahfuz.
Lebna Dengel would then proceed to lay waste to Muhammad Azhar ad-Din's residence in Dakkar during his invasion of Adal.
[3] Muhammad was murdered upon his return from an expedition against Ethiopia a few years after the Imam's death.
J. Spencer Trimingham states that he was succeeded as Sultan of Adal by Garad Abun ibn Adash, who was not a member of the Walashma dynasty; Arab Faqīh, however, writes that it was his relative in marriage, Muhammad bin Abu Bakr bin Mahfuz, who succeeded him as Sultan.
[4] Richard Pankhurst follows Trimingham's general account, noting that Adal "was then torn apart by intestinal struggles, five sultans succeeding one another within two years.