He won the bronze medal in the men's 81 kg event at the 2023 World Weightlifting Championships held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Toshtemirov won the silver medal in the men's 81 kg event at the 2020 Asian Weightlifting Championships held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

[4][5] In 2018, Toshtemirov won the silver medal in the 77 kg event at the Summer Youth Olympics held in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

[9] Toshtemirov won the gold medal in the men's 81 kg Snatch event at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games held in Konya, Turkey.

In September 2023, he won the bronze medal in the men's 81 kg event at the World Weightlifting Championships held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.