Due to increasing requirements for horizontal scalability and fault tolerance, NoSQL databases became prominent after 2009.
[citation needed] The relational model and notion of third normal form were the default standard for all data storage.
Since 2000 or 2010, many NoSQL models that are non-relational, including documents, triples, key–value stores and graphs are popular.
[citation needed] The first time the word "multi-model" has been associated to the databases was on May 30, 2012 in Cologne, Germany, during the Luca Garulli's key note "NoSQL Adoption – What’s the Next Step?".
Multi-model databases are intended to offer the data modeling advantages of polyglot persistence,[5] without its disadvantages.
[10] JSON documents, graphs, and relational tables can all be implemented in a manner that inherits the horizontal scalability and fault-tolerance of the underlying data store.