After delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic, construction commenced in February of 2021 when NHSRC began to pour concrete to cast the corridor's first pillar.

[10][15] The feasibility study included an alignment survey concerning aspects such as land acquisition, environmental challenges, and the building of tunnels and bridges.

On 21 January, following several meetings between JICA and Indian Railways officials, it was proposed to originate the corridor at the Bandra Kurla Complex (BKC) in Mumbai.

[16] Air-conditioned bullet trains are expected to operate in the corridor at speeds of 320 km/h (200 mph), enabling commuters to traverse the 534 km (332 mi) distance in two hours.

[19] On 20 July 2015, a joint Japanese-Indian survey team recommended a Shinkansen-style system for the Mumbai–Ahmedabad line, including the adoption of Automatic train control and dedicated tracks.

Minister of State for Railways Rajen Gohain informed Parliament on 15 March 2017 that under a new plan, the entire corridor would be elevated except for the tracks that were proposed to be built underground.

[22] In January 2016, the Ministry of Railways fast-tracked the project and set up a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) named the National High-Speed Rail Corporation Limited to build and operate the corridor.

[23][24] The Ministry of Railways, the National High-Speed Rail Corporation (NHSRC)[25] and JICA signed a tripartite consultancy agreement in December 2016 to implement the project.

[21] In late 2016, JICA awarded the detailed design study for the project to a consortium led by Japan International Consultants for Transportation (JIC), Nippon Koei India Pvt.

JIC will forecast demand, set fares and devise a train operation plan, handle preliminary design work for structures such as tunnels and bridges, and draw up an overall construction schedule.

JIC stated that the local expertise in India gained from constructing and operating various rapid transit systems could be utilized for the high-speed rail project.

The Ministry required the NHSRC to obtain approval from the Bombay High Court and clearance from the Dahanu Taluka Environment Protection Authority.

[33] The corridor is 508.09 km (315.71 mi) long and traverses the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat and the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

According to NHSRC[25] director Mukul Saran Mathur, "The geotechnical surveys have started along the entire route between Mumbai and Ahmedabad and is expected to take two to three months.

The activities that have begun include geo-technical and geo-physical investigations into the 21-kilometre, under-water tunnel of the project as well as the Final Location Survey to mark the alignment, right down to the pillars on which the high-speed trains will run.

[36] Railway officials utilized a helicopter mounted with a 100-megapixel high-resolution digital camera, a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) scanner, a data recorder and other equipment to carry out the survey.

[56] Railway Ministry officials stated in April 2017 that final location surveys had been completed, and that consultants to carry out environmental and social impact studies would be appointed within a few months.

[71] A report by news agency IANS quoted an unnamed NHSRC official as stating that 39% of the total land acquisition had been completed as of June 2019.

[104] According to an article from The Financial Express, the existing HVAC systems are usually sufficient, but a few minor layout adjustments are needed to maximize performance.

The NHSRC finalized the locations for the substations by January 2018 and approached power utility companies in Gujarat and Maharashtra to conduct joint surveys which were completed by April 2018.

[116] The NHSRC acquired 39,540 square feet of land from the Godrej and Boyce Manufacturing Company at Vikhroli in May 2018 to construct the ventilation shaft and distribution and traction sub-stations for the corridor.

The Sabarmati and Thane depots contain washing plants, inspection bays, sheds, workshops, and stabling lines for regular maintenance of trains.

[126] Stations are proposed for Mumbai, Thane, Virar, Boisar, Vapi, Bilimora, Surat, Bharuch, Vadodara, Anand/Nadiad(Kheda district), Ahmedabad and Sabarmati.

The Director of the Railway Bureau of Japan's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism stated that "this makes construction extremely difficult".

This will involve the removal of the reservation centre, section engineering office, water tank and railway police station located on the existing platform.

[153] In the following month, NHSRC invited bids for design, construction, installation, testing and commissioning of Sabarmati Depot that consisted of a workshop, inspection sheds, various buildings, maintenance facilities and associated works.

[155] On 10 September, L&T inaugurated the first indigenously designed and manufactured 'Full Span Launching Equipment-Straddle Carrier and Girder Transporter' to expedite the construction of viaduct for Mumbai- Ahmedabad High Speed Rail corridor.

[156] On 29 September, it was announced the 50 km (31 mi) stretch from Surat to Bilimora would be operational by 2026, while the remainder of the Gujarat section was expected to be completed by 2024.

[162] In November, the casting of 970-tonne full span pre-stressed concrete (PSC) box girder began near Naslipore village, Navsari district, Gujarat.

The scope of this package includes commissioning a 2 x 25 kV overhead electrification system to enable the line's trains to operate up to speeds of up to 320 km/hour, and also designing and commissioning traction substations, switching substations, distribution systems, associated buildings, and training institute equipment for the entire corridor and 3 depots located in Thane, Surat and Sabarmati.