Muraqqa-e Gulshan

[4] It has been suggested, apparently without good evidence, that the Gulshan album was acquired by Nader Shah Afshar during his invasion of India and returned with him to Persia in 1741.

[4] A group of some 25 folios was acquired in Persia by Heinrich Karl Brugsch in 1860–61 and became known as the Berlin Album; it is now in the Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz.

[7] Based on internal inscriptions, the collection was probably begun about 1599, while Jahangir was still Prince Salim, governor of Allahabad and son of the ageing Emperor Akbar, and continued till about 1609.

[6] The imperial albums were likely intended to be shown and discussed by the shah and his learned guests at certain intellectual soirées, such as the one held late in Jahangir's reign at Lahore, which is described by the visiting Persian poet known as Mutribi.

[4] There was also some recycling of images from old, unfinished manuscripts of famous works such as the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, the Khamsa of Nizami and the Zafarnama of Sharaf al-Din ʿAli Yazdi.