Originally much larger, it was reduced by about 45% of its former area on 10 April 2002 by the splitting off of most of its eastern and northeastern districts to form the new Banyuasin Regency.

As at 2010, Musi Banyuasin Regency was subdivided into eleven districts (kecamatan), but a further three districts were created in 2011 (Lawang Wetan, Babat Supat and Tungkal Jaya), and another one in 2017 (Jirak Jaya).

[1] The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 227 rural desa and 13 urban kelurahan), and its post codes.

(e) includes four kelurahan (Balai Agung, Kayu Ara, Serasan Jaya and Soak Baru).

Musi Banyuasin Regency consists of 4 kinds of soil: Musi Banyuasin Regency has tropic and wet season with variation of rainfall between 39.00 and 297.25 mm, for the year 2007 December has highest rank of rainfalls.