Mycobacteriaceae is a family of bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota.

[1][2] Its name is derived from the Mycobacterium genus, which includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and leprosy (M. leprae) in humans.

The Greek prefix myco- means 'fungus', alluding to the mold-like appearance of these organisms on agar plates.

[3] The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis.

[4][5][a] Mycobacteroides Mycolicibacterium Mycolicibacter Mycolicibacillus Mycobacterium Corynebacteriaceae (outgroup)