When King Chulalongkorn created the Monthon as part of the Thesaphiban administrative reform, Mueang Nakhon Chai Si was the capital city of Monthon Nakhon Chai Si.

[1] More than 1,000 years ago, Han Chinese called Nakhon Chai Si (including other districts in this region, such as Samut Sakhon) according Teochew dialect that Leng-Kia-Su (Chinese: 龍仔厝; pinyin: Lóng zǐ cuò), refers to "home of dragon descendants".

[2] Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise): Bang Len, Phutthamonthon, Sam Phran, Mueang Nakhon Pathom, and Don Tum.

The 20 billion baht airport would occupy 3,500 rai of land in Nakhon Chai Si District as well as Bang Len.

Both Nakhon Chai Si and Huai Phlu have sub-district municipality (thesaban tambon) status.