The Nambikwara (also called Nambikuára) is an indigenous people of Brazil, living in the Amazon.

Currently about 1,200 Nambikwara live in indigenous territories in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso along the Guaporé and Juruena rivers.

[1] The term Nambikwara is an exonym originating from the Tupi language family.

[1] The Nambikwara were first contacted in 1770 (255 years ago) (1770) but did not experience prolonged contact with Europeans until the early 20th century, when Brazilian army official Marechal Cândido Rondon passed through Nambikwara territory to extend the telegraph lines.

Shortly after contact with European Brazilians epidemics of measles and smallpox decimated the population to only 500 around 1930.