Nanbu Toshikatsu (南部利雄, 30 July 1724 – 11 January 1780) was a mid-Edo period Japanese samurai, and the 8th daimyō of Morioka Domain in northern Japan.

He was adopted by his uncle Nanbu Toshimi on 21 October 1738, and was received in formal audience by shōgun Tokugawa Yoshimune on 1 November of the same year.

[1] His tenure was a difficult time for Morioka, which continued to suffer from repeated crop failures and famines.

Some 60,000 people were estimated to have died in the famine of 1756, and with the domain facing bankruptcy, Toshikatsu was forced to appeal for assistance from the central government.

Toshikatsu’s eldest son Toshinori was disinherited in 1774 after fighting with shogunate officials, and later went into the priesthood.