Nancy E. Gwinn (August 19, 1945 – April 29, 2024) was an American librarian and administrator.

[6] In 1997 she became director of the Smithsonian Libraries, where she led 130 research and curatorial staff in preserving cultural history.

[7] Gwinn served as chair of the Biodiversity Heritage Library Members Council from 2011 to 2017.

[6] She has also served as a member of the IFLA Governing Board from 2004 to 2009 and as chair of its Professional Committee from 2007 to 2009.

[7] In 2012 Gwinn was awarded the Ainsworth Rand Spofford President's Award by the District of Columbia Library Association, in recognition of "outstanding contributions to the development or improvement of library and information services".