De Colo is the all-time top scorer in European continental basketball competitions, having surpassed Nikos Galis in 2022.

De Colo reached the 2013 NBA Finals with the Spurs, but the team lost to the Miami Heat in seven games.

[10] On 9 July 2014, De Colo signed a two-year deal (with the third year being optional) with the Russian club CSKA Moscow of the VTB United League.

[25] In the 2018–19 season, De Colo won his second EuroLeague title with CSKA after defeating Anadolu Efes in the championship game of the Final Four.

On July 6, 2019, de Colo signed with Fenerbahçe of the Turkish Basketball Super League and the EuroLeague, on a 2+1 deal.

In December 2021, he suffered a fracture in the second metacarpal bone of his left hand, which will keep him off the court for weeks after surgery is performed.

[28] On 30 June 2022, De Colo signed a two-year deal with ASVEL of the French LNB Pro A and the EuroLeague.

[30] On February 5, 2023, De Colo surpassed Nikos Galis as the all-time top scorer in European continental basketball competitions with 4,917 points.

[31] De Colo is a regular member of the senior men's French national basketball team.

In September 2024, De Colo retired from the French National team after the 2024 Paris Olympics via social media.