In 1932 he finished sixth in the long jump, while in 1936 he finished third in the long jump, behind Jesse Owens and Luz Long,[1] and won the triple jump event, setting a world record at 16.00 m.[2] This record stood until 1951, when Adhemar da Silva improved it by one centimeter.

Raised in Iwakuni, Tajima graduated in economics from Kyoto Imperial University just prior to competing in the Olympics.

His gold medal was Japan's last Olympic track and field gold medal until Naoko Takahashi won the women's marathon at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

He was also a member of the Japanese Olympic Committee, coached the Japanese athletics teams at the 1956 and 1964 Olympics, and worked as a lecturer at Chukyo University.

This biographical article relating to Japanese athletics is a stub.