Nasakom
Nasakom (Indonesian: Nasionalisme, Agama, Komunisme), which stands for nationalism, religion and communism, was a political concept coined by President Sukarno.
[1][2][3][4] Nasakom attempted to unite the nationalist, religious, and communist groups that at that time had the most power in Indonesian politics.
Sukarno wrote a series of articles entitled "Nationalism, Islam and Marxism" in the magazine Soeloeh Indonesia Moeda,[5][6] a published publication of the "Algemeene Studieclub", the club Sukarno and his associates had founded in Bandung, inspired by a similar organization founded by Soetomo in Surabaya.
[7] Sukarno's political philosophy at the time was essentially a fusion of elements of Marxism, Indonesian nationalism, and Islam.
[9][8] In the article, Sukarno stressed the importance of a national unity of nationalists, Islamists, Marxists in an uncompromising (non-cooperative) resistance to the Dutch.
[6] With the support of the military, in February he proclaimed 'Guided Democracy', and proposed a cabinet that would represent all the political parties of importance (including the PKI).
Sukarno gradually moved closer to the PKI and the Indonesian Air Force in an attempt to strengthen his position in competition with Nasakom.
[19]: 256 Despite the fears and warnings from regional military commanders of Pro-PKI measures, Sukarno repeatedly defended the idea as a way to balance and harmonize the diverse political ideologies in the country.
[20] Sukarno explicitly asserted that Nasakom was the embodiment of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945) in political practice.
[7] In the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) on 30 September 1960 in New York, Sukarno delivered a speech entitled "To Build the World a New".
In one incident where "Kom" was struck out, Sukarno vehemently declared on RRI, "Whoever is mischievously removing the word 'Kom,' bring them before me, let me give them a thrashing!
Sukarno then called for unity and collaboration among all segments of Indonesian society to support the construction and success of CONEFO, portraying it as a significant step towards realizing the ideals of Nasakom on an international scale.
[29] Holding onto what's left of his power after the attempted coup, Sukarno refused to dissolve the PKI because it contradicted the Nasakom view.
[30][29] Sukarno's refusal to disband the PKI then weakened his position in politics,[30][28] eventually leading to the signing of supersemar.
Even when his influence began to fade, in the All-Indonesia Panca Tunggal session at the State Palace, Jakarta, on 23 October 1965, Sukarno reiterated the importance of Nasakom.
