Nasrullah Khan (Bukhara)

Nasrulloh's position was pivotal to the question of his legitimate birthright succession following Amir Haydar's death.

[2] Oppressive manner of tax collection and military conscription from Bukhara to withstand the danger from Khivan-Turkmen forces caused the emergence of the rebellion.

Amir Nasrulloh emerged from succession struggle with his brothers by relying heavily on tribes in Qarshi and Samarqand.

[5] Upon his ascension to the Bukharan throne he freed population from taxes for several years and made new appointments among rich, noble and ulama to win their support.

[citation needed]       In Tsarist Russian and Soviet historiography Amir Nasrulloh was viewed as a amiri qassob (butcher emir) bloodthirsty, oppressive and despotic leader because he executed his brothers and waged military campaigns against his neighbors in the region.

Both political entities attempted to legitimize their rule through dynastic justification of belonging to a powerful tribe, local royalty and more so through Islamic, religious reputation.

Amir Nasrulloh and Muhammad Alikhon of Khoqand both looked up to the Ottoman Empire for different religious titles to legitimize their rule as just leaders in the region.

The Khan of Khoqand was also forced to pay a heavy amount and recognize him as lord, putting his name on the coins and the khutbah.

After years of proxy wars in and around Uratipah competing for hegemony in the region Amir Nasrulloh invaded Khoqand in 1842.

At the end the British government decided to keep Afghan regime as a buffer zone and signed a peace treaty in 1855 and enabled Dust Muhammad Khan to incorporate Balkh (Lee, Kwang Tae,354,360, 362).

However the most widely repeated title was sayyid, which may have also served as the basis for the addition of amir to the beginning part of his name.

[12] Different modes of sufism and Indian influence and local religious authority show how changing and competing narratives existed and how Islam remained a significant part of the Bukharan society in the first half of the19th century.

His religious legitimation happened through shrine veneration that became more notable when he was appointed as the hakim of Qarshi by Amir Haydar.

[13] Amir Nasrulloh implemented sharia by appointing Rahmonberdi Turkman as rais who urged and compelled people to follow Islamic Law.

[14]  Implementation of Shariah and shrine visitation helped Amir Nasrulloh consolidate his power base in Bukhara.

[15] Bukharan Emirate during Amir Nasrulloh's reign recovered economically due to trade relations with Russian Empire in the first half of the 19th century.

[17] Trade relations show that Bukharan Emirate was a dynamic political entity interacting with neighboring countries especially with colonial powers such as Russia and Britain which provided impetus for Bukhara under Amir Nasrulloh to modernize independently.

[19] His loyalty to the manghit royal family allowed him to check Amir Nasrulloh's meal from poisoning and manage customs office.

[20] Muhammad Hakim qushbegi was executed in 1837-8 by Amir Nasrulloh under the pretext of treason, assumed to collaborate with the British to organize political plot against the ruler.

[22] Amir Nasrulloh's establishment of a standing army resembling sarbaz in Qajar Iran and nizami jadid in Ottoman Turkey led to the modernization and centralization of Bukhara.

The cavalry, which were primarily filled up with Uzbeks, were removed from the military register of the standing army in the city of Bukhara and transferred into the category of irregular forces.