[1] On 20 March 2017, she was appointed as executive director of the Financial Oversight & Management Board for Puerto Rico.

[6][7][8] Her father was born in Poltava Oblast during the Soviet famine of 1930–1933, during which her kulak great-grandparents, Feofan and Natalia Brazhnyk, starved to death.

In February 2001, she became president and chief executive officer of Western NIS Enterprise Fund (WNISEF), which had been disbursing United States Agency for International Development (USAID) funds to small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine and Moldova since 1995.

[24] Early in Jaresko's term she made an outline agreement for a $40 billion four-year loan from the International Monetary Fund and Western countries.

[29][30][31] The Ukrainian Weekly reported that Jaresko had started forming a provisional technocratic Cabinet of Ministers the previous month.

[33] When speaker of the Ukrainian parliament, Volodymyr Groysman, was elected as Ukraine's new prime minister on 14 April 2016, he did not retain Jaresko in his new Cabinet.

[33] After she left office, Jaresko said she believed the Ukraine macroeconomic situation had stabilized,[34] and that Ukraine needed a further $25 billion of investment beyond the agreed IMF loans to "win over the hearts and minds of Ukrainian society" as the "immediate effects [of reform] on the population have been painful.

"[35] In May 2016, Jaresko became chair of the board of trustees of the Aspen Institute unit in Kyiv, a U.S. headquartered educational and policy studies NGO.

[36][37] In 20 March 2017, Jaresko became the executive director of the Financial Oversight Board of Puerto Rico,[38] as part of the PROMESA bill.

[40][2] In April 2022, Jaresko became an advisor for Stronger Than Ever, a registered non-profit organization aiming to collect $5 million in support of the people of Ukraine.