National Liberation Alliance (Brazil)

The National Liberation Alliance (Portuguese: Aliança Nacional Libertadora – ANL) was a left-wing movement formed by sectors of different anti-imperialist, anti-fascist and anti-integralist organizations.

[6][7] In 1934, a small number of intellectuals and military officers, including Francisco Mangabeira, Manuel Venâncio Campos da Paz, Moésia Rolim, Carlos da Costa Leite, Gregório Lourenço Bezerra, Caio Prado Júnior, João Saldanha and Aparício Torelly, organized meetings in Rio de Janeiro in order to create a political organization able to give national support to popular struggles.

[7][8][9][5] In March 1935, the ANL's provisional national directory was formed and included Herculino Cascardo (president), Amoreti Osório (vice-president), Francisco Mangabeira, Roberto Sisson, Benjamim Soares Cabello and Manuel Venâncio Campos da Paz.

[12][13] In Rio Grande do Sul, the ANL was founded at a ceremony held at the São Pedro Theater, with Aparício Cora de Almeida as its first secretary and writer Dyonélio Machado as its president.

[14][15] In Santa Catarina, the ANL, formed in 1935 and led by metalworkers and electricians such as Álvaro Ventura, João Verzola and Manoel Alves Ribeiro, was responsible for founding the PCB after the repression caused by Getúlio Vargas' Estado Novo.

[16][17][18] In April 1935, Luís Carlos Prestes returned to Brazil clandestinely, tasked by the leadership of the Communist International with promoting an armed uprising that would establish a national-revolutionary government in the country.