The New Altamira Cave, or Neocave [es], is also part of this exhibition: an artificial replica of the original caves, built in order to preserve the originals from damage arising from a massive influx of visitors.

The vast number of people that wanted to see the cave and the long wait list to do it (more than a year) brought into the table the possibility and necessity of creating a replica.

The most notable piece in the museum collection is the Neocave [es], the most faithful representation of the 15000 year old original cave.

In its interior one can see a reproduction of the famous paintings from the cave's ceiling, made by Pedro Saura and Matilde Múzquiz, professors of photography and drawing in the Faculty of Fine Arts [es] of the Complutense University of Madrid, respectively.

Various collections are custodied and displayed, from discoveries in the Cave of Altamira and others nearby, such as:[3] Lasheras, José Antonio; de las Heras, Carmen; Montes, Ramón; Rasines, Pedro; Fatás, Pilar (January–March 2002).