This decree aimed to address the deficiencies in Nigeria's primary healthcare system by creating a dedicated body responsible for its development, coordination, and implementation across the country.

The agency was established as part of the government's commitment to achieving comprehensive and accessible healthcare services for all Nigerians, especially in underserved and rural areas.

[3] In line with its mandate, the NPHCDA has played a significant role in health initiatives, such as the national immunization program, malaria control, and polio eradication.

The agency focuses on strengthening primary healthcare systems at the grassroots level, ensuring access to essential health services in urban and rural areas, and paying particular attention to underserved communities.

The current executive director, Dr. Faisal Shuaib, oversees the agency's strategic direction, implementation of health programs, and partnership collaborations.